Google Cloud Pub/Sub gRPC

This connector communicates to Pub/Sub via the gRPC protocol. The integration between Apache Pekko Stream and gRPC is handled by Apache Pekko gRPC 1.0. For a connector that uses HTTP for the communication, take a look at the alternative Apache Pekko Connectors Google Cloud Pub/Sub connector.

Project Info: Apache Pekko Connectors Google Cloud PubSub (gRPC)
Artifact	org.apache.pekko pekko-connectors-google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc 1.0.2 Snapshots are available
JDK versions	OpenJDK 8 OpenJDK 11 OpenJDK 17
Scala versions	2.13.13, 2.12.19, 3.3.3
JPMS module name	pekko.stream.connectors.google.cloud.pubsub.grpc
License	Apache-2.0
API documentation	API (Scaladoc)
Forums	Github Discussions
Release notes	GitHub releases
Issues	Github issues
Sources	https://github.com/apache/pekko-connectors

Artifacts

Apache Pekko gRPC uses Apache Pekko Discovery internally. Make sure to add Apache Pekko Discovery with the same Apache Pekko version that the application uses.

sbt

val PekkoVersion = "1.0.2"
libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
  "org.apache.pekko" %% "pekko-connectors-google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc" % "1.0.2",
  "org.apache.pekko" %% "pekko-stream" % PekkoVersion,
  "org.apache.pekko" %% "pekko-discovery" % PekkoVersion
)

Maven

<properties>
  <pekko.version>1.0.2</pekko.version>
  <scala.binary.version>2.13</scala.binary.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.pekko</groupId>
    <artifactId>pekko-connectors-google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc_${scala.binary.version}</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.pekko</groupId>
    <artifactId>pekko-stream_${scala.binary.version}</artifactId>
    <version>${pekko.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.pekko</groupId>
    <artifactId>pekko-discovery_${scala.binary.version}</artifactId>
    <version>${pekko.version}</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

Gradle

def versions = [
  PekkoVersion: "1.0.2",
  ScalaBinary: "2.13"
]
dependencies {
  implementation "org.apache.pekko:pekko-connectors-google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc_${versions.ScalaBinary}:1.0.2"
  implementation "org.apache.pekko:pekko-stream_${versions.ScalaBinary}:${versions.PekkoVersion}"
  implementation "org.apache.pekko:pekko-discovery_${versions.ScalaBinary}:${versions.PekkoVersion}"
}

The table below shows direct dependencies of this module and the second tab shows all libraries it depends on transitively.

Binary compatibility

Build setup

The Apache Pekko Connectors Google Cloud Pub/Sub gRPC library contains the classes generated from Google’s protobuf specification.

Configuration

The Pub/Sub gRPC connector shares its basic configuration with all the Google connectors in Apache Pekko Connectors. Additional Pub/Sub-specific configuration settings can be found in its own reference.conf.

The defaults can be changed (for example when testing against the emulator) by tweaking the reference configuration:

reference.conf

copysource# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pekko.connectors.google.credentials.default-scopes = ${?pekko.connectors.google.credentials.default-scopes} ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/pubsub"]

pekko.connectors.google.cloud.pubsub.grpc {
  host = "pubsub.googleapis.com"
  port = 443
  # Set to "false" to disable TLS
  use-tls = true

  # Set to "none" to use the system default CA
  rootCa = "none"

  # Deprecated, use config path pekko.connectors.google.credentials.provider
  callCredentials = deprecated
}

Test Configuration

copysource# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

pekko {
  loggers = ["org.apache.pekko.event.slf4j.Slf4jLogger"]
  logging-filter = "org.apache.pekko.event.slf4j.Slf4jLoggingFilter"
  loglevel = "DEBUG"
}

pekko.connectors.google.cloud.pubsub.grpc {
  # To run the IntegrationSpec against Google Cloud:
  # * go to the console at https://console.cloud.google.com
  # * Create a compute engine service account as documented at https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production#creating_a_service_account
  # * Point GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS to the downloaded JSON key and start sbt
  # * Create a project, and update IntegrationSpec to use that project ID rather than "pekko-connectors"
  # * Under 'Pub/Sub', 'Topics' create a topic 'simpleTopic' with a Google-managed key
  # * Under 'Pub/Sub', 'Subscriptions' create a subscription 'simpleSubscription' for this topic
  # * For 'republish', also create 'testTopic' and 'testSubscription'
  # * Comment out these test settings:

  host = "localhost"
  port = 8538
  use-tls = false # no TLS
  rootCa = "none"
  callCredentials = "none" # no authentication
}

For more configuration details consider the underlying configuration for Apache Pekko gRPC.

A manually initialized GrpcPublisherGrpcPublisher or GrpcSubscriberGrpcSubscriber can be used by providing it as an attribute to the stream:

Scala

copysourceval settings = PubSubSettings(system)
val publisher = GrpcPublisher(settings)

val publishFlow: Flow[PublishRequest, PublishResponse, NotUsed] =
  GooglePubSub
    .publish(parallelism = 1)
    .withAttributes(PubSubAttributes.publisher(publisher))

Java

copysourcefinal PubSubSettings settings = PubSubSettings.create(system);
final GrpcPublisher publisher = GrpcPublisher.create(settings, system);

final Flow<PublishRequest, PublishResponse, NotUsed> publishFlow =
    GooglePubSub.publish(1).withAttributes(PubSubAttributes.publisher(publisher));

Publishing

We first construct a message and then a request using Google’s builders. We declare a singleton source which will go via our publishing flow. All messages sent to the flow are published to PubSub.

Scala

copysourceimport org.apache.pekko
import pekko.NotUsed
import pekko.stream.connectors.googlecloud.pubsub.grpc.scaladsl.GooglePubSub
import pekko.stream.scaladsl._

import com.google.protobuf.ByteString
import com.google.pubsub.v1.pubsub._

import scala.concurrent.Future

val projectId = "pekko-connectors"
val topic = "simpleTopic"

val publishMessage: PubsubMessage =
  PubsubMessage()
    .withData(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("Hello world!"))

val publishRequest: PublishRequest =
  PublishRequest()
    .withTopic(s"projects/$projectId/topics/$topic")
    .addMessages(publishMessage)

val source: Source[PublishRequest, NotUsed] =
  Source.single(publishRequest)

val publishFlow: Flow[PublishRequest, PublishResponse, NotUsed] =
  GooglePubSub.publish(parallelism = 1)

val publishedMessageIds: Future[Seq[PublishResponse]] = source.via(publishFlow).runWith(Sink.seq)

Java

copysourceimport org.apache.pekko.stream.connectors.googlecloud.pubsub.grpc.PubSubSettings;
import org.apache.pekko.stream.connectors.googlecloud.pubsub.grpc.javadsl.GooglePubSub;
import org.apache.pekko.stream.connectors.googlecloud.pubsub.grpc.javadsl.GrpcPublisher;
import org.apache.pekko.stream.connectors.googlecloud.pubsub.grpc.javadsl.PubSubAttributes;
import org.apache.pekko.stream.connectors.testkit.javadsl.LogCapturingJunit4;
import org.apache.pekko.stream.javadsl.*;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.*;

final String projectId = "pekko-connectors";
final String topic = "simpleTopic";

final PubsubMessage publishMessage =
    PubsubMessage.newBuilder().setData(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("Hello world!")).build();

final PublishRequest publishRequest =
    PublishRequest.newBuilder()
        .setTopic("projects/" + projectId + "/topics/" + topic)
        .addMessages(publishMessage)
        .build();

final Source<PublishRequest, NotUsed> source = Source.single(publishRequest);

final Flow<PublishRequest, PublishResponse, NotUsed> publishFlow = GooglePubSub.publish(1);

final CompletionStage<List<PublishResponse>> publishedMessageIds =
    source.via(publishFlow).runWith(Sink.seq(), system);

Similarly to before, we can publish a batch of messages for greater efficiency.

Scala

copysourceval projectId = "pekko-connectors"
val topic = "simpleTopic"

val publishMessage: PubsubMessage =
  PubsubMessage()
    .withData(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("Hello world!"))

val messageSource: Source[PubsubMessage, NotUsed] = Source(List(publishMessage, publishMessage))
val published = messageSource
  .groupedWithin(1000, 1.minute)
  .map { msgs =>
    PublishRequest()
      .withTopic(s"projects/$projectId/topics/$topic")
      .addAllMessages(msgs)
  }
  .via(GooglePubSub.publish(parallelism = 1))
  .runWith(Sink.seq)

Java

copysourcefinal String projectId = "pekko-connectors";
final String topic = "simpleTopic";

final PubsubMessage publishMessage =
    PubsubMessage.newBuilder().setData(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("Hello world!")).build();

final Source<PubsubMessage, NotUsed> messageSource = Source.single(publishMessage);
final CompletionStage<List<PublishResponse>> published =
    messageSource
        .groupedWithin(1000, Duration.ofMinutes(1))
        .map(
            messages ->
                PublishRequest.newBuilder()
                    .setTopic("projects/" + projectId + "/topics/" + topic)
                    .addAllMessages(messages)
                    .build())
        .via(GooglePubSub.publish(1))
        .runWith(Sink.seq(), system);

Subscribing

To receive messages from a subscription, there are two options: StreamingPullRequests or synchronous PullRequests. To decide whether you should use StreamingPullRequest or PullRequest, see StreamingPull: Dealing with large backlogs of small messages and Synchronous Pull from Google Cloud PubSub’s documentation

StreamingPullRequest

To receive message from a subscription, first we create a StreamingPullRequest with a FQRS of a subscription and a deadline for acknowledgements in seconds. Google requires that only the first StreamingPullRequest has the subscription and the deadline set. This connector takes care of that and clears up the subscription FQRS and the deadline for subsequent StreamingPullRequest messages.

Scala

copysourceval projectId = "pekko-connectors"
val subscription = "simpleSubscription"

val request = StreamingPullRequest()
  .withSubscription(s"projects/$projectId/subscriptions/$subscription")
  .withStreamAckDeadlineSeconds(10)

val subscriptionSource: Source[ReceivedMessage, Future[Cancellable]] =
  GooglePubSub.subscribe(request, pollInterval = 1.second)

Java

copysourcefinal String projectId = "pekko-connectors";
final String subscription = "simpleSubscription";

final StreamingPullRequest request =
    StreamingPullRequest.newBuilder()
        .setSubscription("projects/" + projectId + "/subscriptions/" + subscription)
        .setStreamAckDeadlineSeconds(10)
        .build();

final Duration pollInterval = Duration.ofSeconds(1);
final Source<ReceivedMessage, CompletableFuture<Cancellable>> subscriptionSource =
    GooglePubSub.subscribe(request, pollInterval);

Here pollInterval is the time between StreamingPullRequests are sent when there are no messages in the subscription.

PullRequest

With PullRequest, each request receives a batch of messages, up to a maximum specified by the maxMessages.

Scala

copysourceval projectId = "pekko-connectors"
val subscription = "simpleSubscription"

val request = PullRequest()
  .withSubscription(s"projects/$projectId/subscriptions/$subscription")
  .withMaxMessages(10)

val subscriptionSource: Source[ReceivedMessage, Future[Cancellable]] =
  GooglePubSub.subscribePolling(request, pollInterval = 1.second)

Java

copysourcefinal String projectId = "pekko-connectors";
final String subscription = "simpleSubscription";

final PullRequest request =
    PullRequest.newBuilder()
        .setSubscription("projects/" + projectId + "/subscriptions/" + subscription)
        .setMaxMessages(10)
        .build();

final Duration pollInterval = Duration.ofSeconds(1);
final Source<ReceivedMessage, CompletableFuture<Cancellable>> subscriptionSource =
    GooglePubSub.subscribePolling(request, pollInterval);

Here pollInterval is the time between PullRequest messages.

In order to minimise latency between requests you can set a buffer on the source. The buffer size depends on the usual number of messages you receive per each request, if you usually receive the maximum number of messages, it’s a good idea to set the buffer size to be the same as the maxMessages parameter. Please note that by having a buffer, you are allowing messages to spend some of their lease time in the buffer, hence reducing the time to process them before the acknowledgement deadline is reached. This will depend on your acknowledgement deadline and processing time.

Acknowledge

Messages received from the subscription need to be acknowledged or they will be sent again. To do that create AcknowledgeRequest that contains ackIds of the messages to be acknowledged and send them to a sink created by GooglePubSub.acknowledge.

Scala

copysourceval ackSink: Sink[AcknowledgeRequest, Future[Done]] =
  GooglePubSub.acknowledge(parallelism = 1)

subscriptionSource
  .map { message =>
    // do something fun
    message.ackId
  }
  .groupedWithin(10, 1.second)
  .map(ids =>
    AcknowledgeRequest()
      .withSubscription(
        s"projects/$projectId/subscriptions/$subscription")
      .withAckIds(ids))
  .to(ackSink)

Java

copysourcefinal Sink<AcknowledgeRequest, CompletionStage<Done>> ackSink = GooglePubSub.acknowledge(1);

subscriptionSource
    .map(
        receivedMessage -> {
          // do some computation
          return receivedMessage.getAckId();
        })
    .groupedWithin(10, Duration.ofSeconds(1))
    .map(acks -> AcknowledgeRequest.newBuilder().addAllAckIds(acks).build())
    .to(ackSink);

Running the test code

Tests can be started from sbt by running:

sbt

> google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc/test

There is also an ExampleApp that can be used to test publishing to topics and receiving messages from subscriptions.

To run the example app you will need to configure a project and Pub/Sub in Google Cloud and provide your own credentials.

sbt

env GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=/path/to/application/credentials.json sbt

// receive messages from a subsciptions
> google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc/Test/run subscribe <project-id> <subscription-name>

// publish a single message to a topic
> google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc/Test/run publish-single <project-id> <topic-name>

// continually publish a message stream to a topic
> google-cloud-pub-sub-grpc/Test/run publish-stream <project-id> <topic-name>